Marmaray is a tube tunnel for rail transport.Marmaray is located in the Turkish city of Istanbul.It is a undersea rail tunnel under the Bosphorus strait, along the Sea of Marmara from the European side to the Asian side.The Marmaray name comes by combining the sea of Marmara with "ray" meaning rail in Turkish.
Construction started in May 2004, and was completed on September 23, 2008. The opening of the Marmaray Rail Tube Tunnel and Commuter Rail Mass Transit System delayed due to the discovery of historical and archaeological finds.It was opened for public first time on October 29, 2013.
A 76.3 kilometre (47.4 mi) high-capacity line between Gebze and Halkalı, is a first standard gauge rail connection between Europe and Asia by crossing the Istanbul Strait.
It is the world's deepest undersea immersed tube tunnel with 60.45 m (198.4 ft), 55 metres below sea level and 4.6 metres of earth.
The above ground suburban lines have been upgraded to three tracks, two for commuter and one for long-distance or high-speed passenger trains.The capacity for the suburban lines is 75,000 passengers per hour and there are 37 aboveground srations and three underground stations.Platforms are 225m long and average station space is 1.9 km.
The stations are base on metro style operations and also work for high speed trains travelling at 100km/h (62mph) with an average speed of 45km/h (28mph).Total number of passenger cars are 440.
Hyundai Rotem announced on November 11, 2008, that it had signed a €580 million agreement to supply the rolling stock for the Marmaray cross-Bosphorus tunnel project in Istanbul.
The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the European Investment Bank had provided major financing for the project. As of April 2006, JICA had lent 111 billion yen and EIB 1.05 billion euro. The total cost of the project is expected to be approximately 2.5 billion US dollars and as of late 2009, costs were expected to increase by approximately 500 million US dollars due to the archaeological delays.
The tunnel was opened on October 29, 2013 on the Turkish Republic's 90th anniversary Republic Day.
Share this on your favourite network
Posts
0 comments:
Post a Comment